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ICU management and systemic complications
Sepsis is the leading cause of death in burn patients who survive resuscitation, yet standard definitions fail because the hypermetabolic burn state mimics systemic inflammation. The 2007 ABA consensus created a burn-specific definition; later studies show it lacks specificity…
Infection and sepsis are the dominant late causes of death after large burns. Wound, bloodstream, and pulmonary infection converge on sepsis and multi-organ failure. Diagnosis is hard because thermal injury reproduces the SIRS phenotype; ABA, Mann-Salinas, and Sepsis-3 each…
Alternative antimicrobial strategies in burns span bacteriophages, medical honey, probiotics, immunomodulation, antimicrobial peptides, nanoparticle dressings, and plant-derived agents, pursued…
Every open burn wound becomes colonized; the diagnostic problem is separating harmless colonization from invasive infection that crosses into viable tissue. Histologic examination of a wound biopsy…
The burn wound is colonized within days; the dominant pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter, and Klebsiella, with Candida and filamentous molds appearing later in…
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is the leading cause of late death after major burns. A two-hit pattern drives it: the burn ignites systemic inflammation and hypermetabolism, then secondary…
Routine systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is not supported in non-surgical burn patients; meta-analyses show no consistent benefit and a clear resistance signal, and guidelines do not endorse it…