Airway Pulmonary
Inhalation injury combines upper airway thermal injury, lower airway chemical injury, and systemic toxin exposure (carbon monoxide, cyanide). It is the dominant modifiable driver of mortality in major burns and demands fiberoptic bronchoscopic grading, selective intubation…
- Airway management, intubation, and tracheostomy in burn patients
Airway management in burns spans the decision to intubate, securing a technically difficult airway, timing extubation, and tracheostomy for prolonged ventilation. The dominant modern problem is…
- Cyanide and carbon monoxide toxicity in smoke inhalation
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide are the systemic poisons of smoke inhalation that kill before the burn does. CO binds hemoglobin and cyanide poisons mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, acting…
- Inhalation Injury Diagnosis and Severity Grading
Inhalation injury is a chemical tracheobronchitis that stays clinically silent for the first 48 to 72 hours, so diagnosis cannot wait for deterioration. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the practical…
- Mechanical ventilation strategies in inhalation injury
Mechanical ventilation is the supportive backbone of inhalation-injury care, since pneumonia and ARDS drive most respiratory deaths. Lung-protective low-tidal-volume ventilation is the default…
- Nebulized and adjunctive pharmacotherapy for inhalation injury
Nebulized and adjunctive drugs are adjuncts layered onto supportive ventilation for inhalation injury. The mainstay nebulized bundle is unfractionated heparin alternating with N-acetylcysteine and a…