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Umbrella treatment of burn shock and the first 48 hours of resuscitation. Bounded by under-resuscitation (acute kidney injury, shock-related death) and over-resuscitation (fluid creep, abdominal and orbital compartment syndromes). Spans burn-shock physiology, vascular access…
Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a sustained intra-abdominal pressure above 20 mmHg with new organ dysfunction, arising in severely burned patients as a secondary complication of large-volume…
Burn shock is the early hypovolemic-distributive shock state after major thermal injury. A generalized rise in microvascular permeability drives plasma loss and edema in burned and unburned tissue…
Lactated Ringer's crystalloid is the resuscitation baseline for major burns, but colloids reduce total fluid volume. Colloid trials show lower 24-hour volumes and edema, while older meta-analyses…
Burn-shock resuscitation is titrated to physiologic endpoints, not a fixed formula dose. Urine output of 0.5-1.0 mL/kg/h has been the working endpoint for decades and remains the dominant monitor…
High-dose ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is an antioxidant adjunct to crystalloid resuscitation in large burns. By scavenging oxygen free radicals it reduces microvascular leak; the most-cited human trial…
Hypertonic saline raises the sodium load of burn resuscitation fluid so that smaller volumes restore the extracellular space, sparing fluid during the first 24 hours. Early trials and animal work…
The Parkland (Baxter) formula estimates the first-24-hour crystalloid volume for major burns as 4 mL/kg/%TBSA lactated Ringer's, half in the first 8 hours. It is a starting estimate, not a fixed…
Management of plasma volume loss after thermal injury. The clinical frame is bounded by under-resuscitation (shock, acute kidney injury, death) and over-resuscitation ("fluid creep," pulmonary edema, compartment syndromes). Contemporary practice combines Parkland or modified…
Hypertonic saline raises the sodium load of burn resuscitation fluid so that smaller volumes restore the extracellular space, sparing fluid during the first 24 hours. Early trials and animal work…
Albumin is the most widely used colloid in burn resuscitation. The 2024 ABA clinical practice guideline supports its use, especially in larger burns, to reduce resuscitation volumes and improve urine…
Fresh frozen plasma is used in burn resuscitation as a colloid to reduce crystalloid volumes, as a plasma-inclusive adjunct targeting endotheliopathy, and historically as the primary colloid in…
Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a sustained intra-abdominal pressure above 20 mmHg with new organ dysfunction, arising in severely burned patients as a secondary complication of large-volume…
Burn-shock resuscitation is titrated to physiologic endpoints, not a fixed formula dose. Urine output of 0.5-1.0 mL/kg/h has been the working endpoint for decades and remains the dominant monitor…